Ithonya lezinto ezinhlanu ezinkulu ze-actile iron kuma-castings

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwensimbi ye-ructile ikakhulukazi kufaka phakathi izinto ezinhlanu ezijwayelekile zekhabhoni, i-silicon, i-manganese, isibabule kanye ne-phosphorus. Kwamanye ama-castings anezidingo ezikhethekile enhlanganweni nasekusebenzeni, inani elincane lezinto ezenziwayo lifakiwe. Ngokungafani ne-iron evamile empunga, i-iron ye-ructile kumele futhi iqukethe amanani alandelwayo ezinto ezesalayo ze-spheroidal ukuze aqinisekise ukugcwala kwe-graphite. Senza uhla olubanzi lweAma-castings amaloli amaJapan nawaseYurophu, njengeubakaki wentwasahlobo, Spring Shackle,I-Pin Pin yasentwasahlobo kanye ne-busheng yentwasahlobo.

1, I-Carbon ne-Carbon Ukukhetha Okufanayo Kodwa-ke, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni kuzodala ukuthi i-graphite intanta. Ngakho-ke, umkhawulo ophezulu wekhabhoni okulingana ngensimbi e-ructile ususelwa emgomweni wokungabi nazintathasi.

2, Isimiso sokukhetha iSilicon: I-Silicon iyinto eqinile yokuqhafaza. E-anctile aron, i-silicon ayikwazi ukunciphisa ngempumelelo ukuthambekela komlomo omhlophe futhi yandise inani le-ferrite, kodwa futhi lineqhaza lokucwengeka ama-eutectic kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuzungeza kwama-graphite spheres.

I-3, i-maninganese Ukuqokwa kwesimiso: njengoba okuqukethwe se-sulfur e-anctile sekuphansi kakhulu, ungadingi mabanganese kakhulu ukuze uthathe isibabule, indima ye-manganese ku-iron yensimbi ngokuyinhloko ikakhulukazi ekwandiseni ukuqina kwensimbi.

4, izimiso zokukhethwa kwe-phosphorus: phosphorus yinto eyingozi, i-solubility ephansi kakhulu e-cast iron. Ngokuvamile, kwehlisa okuqukethwe kwe-phosphorus e-aron ye-actile, okungcono.

Isimiso esingu-5, isibabule se-SULFUR: Into elwa ne-spherical element, inobudlelwano obunamandla nge-magnesium, umhlaba obuyigugu nezinye izinto ze-sphelfur, ukwakheka kwe-magresium kanye nomhlaba onqabile, okubangela isibumba, okubangela ukusweleka.

6, Isimiso sokukhethwa kwe-spheroidal: Esisekelweni sokuqinisekisa i-spheroid eqiniseka, inani eliyinsalela lomhlaba we-magnesium kanye nomhlaba ongavamile kufanele liphansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izinsalela zomhlaba we-magnesium nokuvamile ziphezulu kakhulu, zizokwandisa ukuthambekela komlomo omhlophe we-iron ketshezi, futhi kuzothinta izakhiwo zemishini zokukhokhiswa kwazo ngenxa yemikhawulo yazo.